Synopsis of the Chapter
The 12 Princes are enumerated who in turn throughout the 12 months of the year presided over 24 thousand soldiers. In addition, the Princes of the individual tribes, and the Officials of David, both those who at home oversaw domestic affairs, and those who abroad oversaw his vineyards, fields, oxen, camels, and sheep.
Verse 4: Another Named Macelloth ¶
Verse 4. AND AFTER HIM ANOTHER NAMED MACELLOTH — that is to say, for Dudia, who was the commander of the second division, Macelloth was given as deputy when he was absent or hindered, to lead the division in his stead, as I have already said.
Verse 7: Zabadias His Son After Him ¶
Verse 7. AND ZABADIAS HIS SON AFTER HIM — that is to say, Asahel, the prince of the fourth division, was given as deputy his son Zabadias.
Verse 16: Over the Tribes ¶
Verse 16. OVER THE TRIBES. — Here are enumerated the princes of each of the twelve tribes, who were their firstborn. But the military princes were not these firstborn, but men outstanding in courage, strength, and military knowledge, and therefore chosen by David.
Verse 23: The Wrath Had Fallen Upon Israel ¶
Verse 23. BECAUSE UPON THIS THE WRATH (of God) HAD FALLEN UPON ISRAEL. — For on account of David's numbering of the people, God sent a plague that consumed 70 thousand. See the comments on 2 Kings, last chapter.
Verse 34: After Achitophel, Joiada and Abiathar ¶
Verse 34. AFTER ACHITOPHEL CAME JOIADA THE SON OF BANAIA, AND ABIATHAR — that is to say, after Achitophel, David's counselor, ended his life by hanging, Joiada and Abiathar the High Priest succeeded him, and they were David's most intimate counselors.