Jonathas trusting in God, accompanied with one man, his father not knowing, goeth into the Philisthiims camp, killeth twenty men and troubleth their whole army. 16. Saul understanding the same, approacheth with his army, and they get a great victory. 24. but Saul having commanded under pain of death, that none should eat till night, Jonathas for tasting a little honey (though ignorant of the prohibition) is judged to die. 45. but the people oppose themselves, and deliver him from death. 47. Saul prospereth in his kingdom, with his family.Ionathas trusting in God, accompanied with one man, his father not knowing, goeth into the Philisthijms campe, killeth twentie men and troubleth their whole armie. 16. Saul vnderstanding the same, approcheth with his armie, and they gette a great victorie. 24. but Saul hauing commanded vnder paine of death, that none should eate til night, Ionathas for tasting a litle honie (though ignorant of the prohibition) is iudged to die. 45. but the people oppose themselues, and deliuer him from death. 47. Saul prospereth in his kingdom, with his familie.✦
And it chanced on a certain day that Jonathas the son of Saul said to the young man that bare his armour: Come, & let us pass to the garrison of the Philisthiims, which is beyond yonder place. But to his father he told not this same thing.AND it chanced on a certeine day that Ionathas the sonne of Saul sayd to the yong man that bare his armour: Come, & let vs passe to the garison of the Philisthijms, which is beyond yonder place. But to his father he told not this same thing.✦Et accidit quadam die ut diceret Jonathas filius Saul ad adolescentem armigerum suum : Veni, et transeamus ad stationem Philisthinorum, quæ est trans locum illum. Patri autem suo hoc ipsum non indicavit.
2Moreover Saul abode in the utmost part of Gabaa under the pomegranate tree, which was in Magron: and the people with him was about three hundred men.Moreouer Saul abode in the vtmost part of Gabaa vnder the pomegranate tree, which was in Magron: and the people with him was about thre hundred men.✦Porro Saul morabatur in extrema parte Gabaa sub malogranato, quæ erat in Magron : et erat populus cum eo quasi sexcentorum virorum.
3And Achias the son of Achitob the brother of Ichabod the son of Phinees, which was born of Heli the priest of our Lord in Silo, bare the ephod. But the people also was ignorant whither Jonathas was gone.And Achias the sonne of Achitob the brother of Ichabod the sonne of Phinees, which was borne of Heli the priest of our Lord in Silo, bare the ephod. But the people also was ignorant whither Ionathas was gone.✦Et Achias filius Achitob fratris Ichabod filii Phinees, qui ortus fuerat ex Heli sacerdote Domini in Silo, portabat ephod. Sed et populus ignorabat quo isset Jonathas.
4And there were between the ascents, by the which Jonathas endeavoured to pass unto the garrison of the Philisthiims, rocks standing up on both sides, and as it were in manner of teeth steep broken rocks on either side, the name of one was Boses, and the name of the other Sene:And there were betwen the ascentes, by the which Ionathas endeuoured to passe vnto the garison of the Philisthijms, rockes standing vp on both sides, and as it were in maner of teeth stiepe broken rockes on either side, the name of one was Boses, and the name of the other Sene:✦Erant autem inter ascensus per quos nitebatur Jonathas transire ad stationem Philisthinorum, eminentes petræ ex utraque parte, et quasi in modum dentium scopuli hinc et inde prærupti : nomen uni Boses, et nomen alteri Sene :
5one rock standing out toward the North over against Machmas, and the other to the South, against Gabaa.one rocke standing out toward the North ouer against Machmas, and the other to the South, against Gabaa.unus scopulus prominens ad aquilonem ex adverso Machmas, et alter ad meridiem contra Gabaa.
6And Jonathas said to the young man that bare his armour: Come, let us pass to the stationem: a military post, garrison, not a stopping place of these uncircumcised, if haply our Lord will make for us: because it is not hard for our Lord to save either in many, or in few.And Ionathas sayd to the yong man that bare his armour: Come, let vs passe to the station of these vncircumcised, if haply our Lord wil make for vs: because it is not hard for our Lord to saue either in manie, or in fewe.✦Dixit autem Jonathas ad adolescentem armigerum suum : Veni, transeamus ad stationem incircumcisorum horum, si forte faciat Dominus pro nobis : quia non est Domino difficile salvare, vel in multis, vel in paucis.
7And his armiger: an armour-bearer, not a gentleman's or lawyer's title said to him: Do all things which please thy mind: go whither thou desirest, and I will be with thee wheresoever thou wilt.And his esquier sayd to him: Doe al things which please thy minde: goe whither thou desirest, and I wil be with thee whersoeuer thou wilt.✦Dixitque ei armiger suus : Fac omnia quæ placent animo tuo : perge quo cupis, et ero tecum ubicumque volueris.
8And Jonathas said: Behold we pass to these men. And when we shall appear to them,And Ionathas sayd: Behold we passe to these men. And when we shal appeare to them,Et ait Jonathas : Ecce nos transimus ad viros istos. Cumque apparuerimus eis,
9If they shall speak to us in this manner: Tarry till we come to you: let us stand in our place, and not go up to them.If they shal speake to vs in this maner: Tarie til we come to you: let vs stand in our place, and not goe vp to them.si taliter locuti fuerint ad nos : Manete donec veniamus ad vos : stemus in loco nostro, nec ascendamus ad eos.
10But if they shall say: Come up to us: let us go up, our Lord hath delivered them in our hands, this shall be a sign unto us.But if they shal say: Come vp to vs: let vs goe vp, our Lord hath deliuered them in our handes, this shal be a signe vnto vs.Si autem dixerint : Ascendite ad nos : ascendamus, quia tradidit eos Dominus in manibus nostris : hoc erit nobis signum.
11Both of them therefore appeared to the station of the Philisthiims: & the Philisthiims said: Behold the Hebrews come out of the caves, wherein they were hid.Both of them therfore appeared to the station of the Philisthijms: & the Philisthijms sayd: Behold the Hebrewes come out of the caues, wherein they were hid.Apparuit igitur uterque stationi Philisthinorum : dixeruntque Philisthiim : En Hebræi egrediuntur de cavernis in quibus absconditi fuerant.
12And the men of the garrison spake to Jonathas and to his esquire, and said: Come up to us, and we will show you a thing. And Jonathas said to his esquire: Let us go up, follow me: for our Lord hath delivered them into the hands of Israel.And the men of the garison spake to Ionathas and to his esquier, and sayd: Come vp to vs, and we wil shew you a thing. And Ionathas sayd to his esquier: Let vs goe vp, folow me: for our Lord hath deliuered them into the handes of Israel.✦Et locuti sunt viri de statione ad Jonathan et ad armigerum ejus, dixeruntque : Ascendite ad nos, et ostendemus vobis rem. Et ait Jonathas ad armigerum suum : Ascendamus : sequere me : tradidit enim Dominus eos in manus Israël.
13And Jonathas went up creeping with his hands & feet, and his esquire after him. Therefore some fell before Jonathas, others his esquire following slew.And Ionathas went vp creeping with his handes & feete, and his esquier after him. Therefore some fel before Ionathas, others his esquier folowing slew.✦Ascendit autem Jonathas manibus et pedibus reptans, et armiger ejus post eum. Itaque alii cadebant ante Jonathan, alios armiger ejus interficiebat sequens eum.
14And the first slaughter, with which Jonathas & his esquire made, was as it were of twenty men in the half part of an acre, which a yoke of oxen is wont to plough in a day.And the first slaughter, with which Ionathas & his esquier made, was as it were of twentie men in the halfe part of an aker, which a yoke of oxen is wont to plough in a day.✦Et facta est plaga prima qua percussit Jonathas et armiger ejus, quasi viginti virorum in media parte jugeri quam par boum in die arare consuevit.
15And there was made a miracle in the camp, through the fields: yea and all the people of their garrison, which had gone to take praedandum: plunder, spoil, booty, not animals hunted, was astonished, and the land was troubled: and it happened as a miracle from God.And there was made a miracle in the campe, through the fieldes: yea and al the people of their garrison, which had gone to take prayes, was astonied, and the land was troubled: and it happened as a miracle from God.✦Et factum est miraculum in castris per agros : sed et omnis populus stationis eorum qui ierant ad prædandum, obstupuit, et conturbata est terra : et accidit quasi miraculum a Deo.
16And the watchmen of Saul, which were in Gabaa, of Benjamin looked, & lo a multitude overthrown, & fleeing hither and thither.And the watchemen of Saul, which were in Gabaa, of Beniamin looked, & loe a multitude ouerthrowen, & fleeing hither and thither.Et respexerunt speculatores Saul qui erant in Gabaa Benjamin, et ecce multitudo prostrata, et huc illucque diffugiens.
17And Saul said to the people, which was with him: Enquire, and see who is gone from us. And when they had sought, it was found that Jonathas was not present and his esquire.And Saul sayd to the people, which was with him: Enquire, and see who is gone from vs. And when they had sought, it was found that Ionathas was not present and his esquier.Et ait Saul populo qui erat cum eo : Requirite, et videte quis abierit ex nobis. Cumque requisissent, repertum est non adesse Jonathan et armigerum ejus.
18And Saul said to Achias: Bring the ark of our Lord. (for the ark of God was there that day with the children of Israel.)And Saul sayd to Achias: Bring the arke of our Lord. (for the arke of God was there that day with the children of Israel.)✦Et ait Saul ad Achiam : Applica arcam Dei. (Erat enim ibi arca Dei in die illa cum filiis Israël.)
19And when Saul spake to the priest, there arose a great tumult in the camp of the Philisthiims: and it grew by little and little, and sounded more clearly. And Saul said to the priest: Draw together thy hand.And when Saul spake to the priest, there arose a great tumult in the campe of the Philisthijms: and it grewe by litle and litle, and sounded more cleerely. And Saul sayd to the priest: Draw together thy hand.✦Cumque loqueretur Saul ad sacerdotem, tumultus magnus exortus est in castris Philisthinorum : crescebatque paulatim, et clarius resonabat. Et ait Saul ad sacerdotem : Contrahe manum tuam.
20Saul therefore and all the people that was with him, shouted together, and they came to the place of the fight: and behold every man's sword had been turned to his neighbour, and a slaughter exceeding great.Saul therefore and al the people that was with him, shouted together, and they came to the place of the fight: and behold euerie mans sword had ben turned to his neighbour, and a slaughter exceding great.✦Conclamavit ergo Saul, et omnis populus qui erat cum eo, et venerunt usque ad locum certaminis : et ecce versus fuerat gladius uniuscujusque ad proximum suum, et cædes magna nimis.
21But the Hebrews also which had been with the Philisthiims yesterday and the day before, and went up with them in the camp, returned to be with Israel, which were with Saul and Jonathas.But the Hebrewes also which had bene with the Philisthijms yesterday and the day before, and went vp with them in the campe, returned to be with Israel, which were with Saul and Ionathas.Sed et Hebræi qui fuerant cum Philisthiim heri et nudiustertius, ascenderantque cum eis in castris, reversi sunt ut essent cum Israël qui erant cum Saul et Jonatha.
22All the Israelites also which had hid themselves in mount Ephraim, hearing that the Philisthiims were fled, joined themselves with their fellows in battle. And there were with Saul as it were ten thousand men.Al the Israelites also which had hid themselues in mount Ephraim, hearing that the Philisthijms were fled, ioyned them selues with their felowes in battel. And there were with Saul as it were ten thousand men.Omnes quoque Israëlitæ qui se absconderant in monte Ephraim, audientes quod fugissent Philisthæi, sociaverunt se cum suis in prælio. Et erant cum Saul quasi decem millia virorum.
23And our Lord in that day saved Israel: and the fight reached as far as Bethaven.And our Lord in that day saued Israel: and the fight reached as farre as Bethauen.Et salvavit Dominus in die illa Israël : pugna autem pervenit usque ad Bethaven.
24And the men of Israel were joined among themselves in that day: and Saul adjuravit: bound under a solemn oath or curse, not merely urged the people, saying: Cursed be the man, that shall eat bread until evening, till I be revenged of mine enemies. And all the whole people did eat no bread:And the men of Israel were ioyned among themselues in that day: and Saul adiured the people, saying: Cursed be the man, that shal eate bread vntil euening, til I be reuenged of myne enemies. And al the whole people did eate no bread:✦Et viri Israël sociati sunt sibi in die illa : adjuravit autem Saul populum, dicens : Maledictus vir qui comederit panem usque ad vesperam, donec ulciscar de inimicis meis. Et non manducavit universus populus panem :
25and all the common people of the land came into a wood, wherein was honey upon the face of the field.and al the common people of the land came into a wood, wherein was honie vpon the face of the field.✦omneque terræ vulgus venit in saltum, in quo erat mel super faciem agri.
26The people therefore entered into the forest, and there appeared dropping honey, and no man put his hand to his mouth, for the people feared the oath.The people therefore entred into the forest, and there appeared dropping honie, and no man put his hand to his mouth, for the people feared the oath.Ingressus est itaque populus saltum, et apparuit fluens mel, nullusque applicuit manum ad os suum : timebat enim populus juramentum.
27But Jonathas had not heard when his father adjured the people: and he put forth the tip of the rod, which he had in his hand, and dipped it into a honeycomb: and he turned his hand to his mouth, and his eyes were illuminated.But Ionathas had not heard when his father adiured the people: and he put forth the tippe of the rod, which he had in his hand, and dipped it into a honie combe: and he turned his hand to his mouth, and his eies were illuminated.✦Porro Jonathas non audierat cum adjuraret pater ejus populum : extenditque summitatem virgæ quam habebat in manu, et intinxit in favum mellis : et convertit manum suam ad os suum, et illuminati sunt oculi ejus.
28And one of the people answering, said: Thy father hath bound the people with an oath, saying: Cursed be the man that shall eat bread this day. (and the people was faint.)And one of the people answering, sayd: Thy father hath bound the people with an oath, saying: Cursed be the man that shal eate bread this day. (and the people was faynt.)✦Respondensque unus de populo, ait : Jurejurando constrinxit pater tuus populum, dicens : Maledictus vir qui comederit panem hodie. (Defecerat autem populus.)
29And Jonathas said: My father hath troubled the land: yourselves have seen that mine eyes are illuminated, because I have tasted a little of this honey:And Ionathas sayd: My father hath troubled the land: your selues haue seene that myn eies are illuminated, because I haue tasted a litle of this honie:✦Dixitque Jonathas : Turbavit pater meus terram : vidistis ipsi quia illuminati sunt oculi mei, eo quod gustaverim paululum de melle isto :
30how much more if the people had eaten of the praeda: plunder, spoil, booty, not an animal hunted of their enemies, which they found? had there not been made a greater plague in the Philisthiims?how much more if the people had eaten of the praye of their enemies, which they found? had there not bene made a greater plague in the Philisthijms?quanto magis si comedisset populus de præda inimicorum suorum, quam reperit ? nonne major plaga facta fuisset in Philisthiim ?
31They stroke therefore in that day the Philisthiims from Machmas unto Aialon. And the people was wearied exceedingly:They stroke therefore in that day the Philisthijms from Machmas vnto Aialon. And the people was wearied exceedingly:✦Percusserunt ergo in die illa Philisthæos a Machmis usque in Ajalon. Defatigatus est autem populus nimis :
32and being turned to the prey took sheep, and oxen, and calves, & slew them on the ground: and the people did eat with blood.and being turned to the praye tooke sheepe, and oxen, and calues, & slewe them on the ground: and the people did eate with bloud.✦et versus ad prædam tulit oves, et boves, et vitulos, et mactaverunt in terra : comeditque populus cum sanguine.
33And they told Saul saying, that the people had sinned to our Lord, eating with blood. Who said: You have transgressed: Roll to me even now a great stone.And they told Saul saying, that the people had sinned to our Lord, eating with bloud. Who sayd: You haue transgressed: Roule to me euen now a great stone.✦Nuntiaverunt autem Sauli dicentes quod populus peccasset Domino, comedens cum sanguine. Qui ait : Prævaricati estis : volvite ad me jam nunc saxum grande.
34And Saul said: Disperse yourselves among the common people, and tell them that every man bring his ox and ram, and kill ye them upon this same, and eat, and you shall not sin to our Lord eating with blood. All the people therefore brought every man his ox in his hand until night: and slew them there.And Saul sayd: Disperse your selues among the common people, and tel them that euerie man bring his oxe and ramme, and kil ye them vpon this same, and eate, and you shal not sinne to our Lord eating with bloud. Al the people therefore brought euerie man his oxe in his hand vntil night: and slewe them there.Et dixit Saul : Dispergimini in vulgus, et dicite eis ut adducat ad me unusquisque bovem suum et arietem, et occidite super istud, et vescimini, et non peccabitis Domino comedentes cum sanguine. Adduxit itaque omnis populus unusquisque bovem in manu sua usque ad noctem : et occiderunt ibi.
35And Saul built an altar to our Lord, and then first did he begin to build an altar to our Lord.And Saul built an altar to our Lord, and then first did he beginne to build an altar to our Lord.✦Ædificavit autem Saul altare Domino, tuncque primum cœpit ædificare altare Domino.
36And Saul said: Let us fall upon the Philisthiims by night, and let us spoil them till it wax light in the morning, neither let us leave a man of them. And the people said: Do all that seemeth good in thine eyes. And the priest said: Let us approach hither to God.And Saul sayd: Let vs fal vpon the Philisthijms by night, and let vs spoyle them til it waxe light in the morning, neither let vs leaue a man of them. And the people sayd: Doe al that semeth good in thyne eies. And the priest sayd: Let vs approch hither to God.✦Et dixit Saul : Irruamus super Philisthæos nocte, et vastemus eos usque dum illucescat mane, nec relinquamus ex eis virum. Dixitque populus : Omne quod bonum videtur in oculis tuis, fac. Et ait sacerdos : Accedamus huc ad Deum.
37And Saul consulted our Lord: Shall I pursue the Philisthiims? wilt thou deliver them into the hands of Israel? And he answered him not in that day.And Saul consulted our Lord: Shal I pursew the Philisthijms? wilt thou deliuer them into the handes of Israel? And he answered him not in that day.✦Et consuluit Saul Dominum : Num persequar Philisthiim ? si trades eos in manus Israël ? Et non respondit ei in die illa.
38And Saul said: Bring hither all the corners of the people: and know, and see by whom this sin hath chanced to day.And Saul sayd: Bring hither al the corners of the people: and know, and see by whom this sinne hath chanced to day.✦Dixitque Saul : Applicate huc universos angulos populi : et scitote, et videte per quem acciderit peccatum hoc hodie.
39Our Lord the saviour of Israel liveth, that if it were done by Jonathas my son, he shall die without retractione: recall, reprieve. Whereunto none of the people gainsaid him.Our Lord the sauiour of Israel liueth, that if it were done by Ionathas my sonne, he shal die without reuoking. Whereunto none of the people gaynesayed him.✦Vivit Dominus salvator Israël, quia si per Jonathan filium meum factum est, absque retractione morietur. Ad quod nullus contradixit ei de omni populo.
40And he said to all Israel: Be you separated into one side, and I with Jonathas my son will be on the other side. And the people answered Saul: Do what seemeth good in thine eyes.And he sayd to al Israel: Be you seperated into one side, and I with Ionathas my sonne wil be on the other side. And the people answered Saul: Doe what semeth good in thyn eies.Et ait ad universum Israël : Separamini vos in partem unam, et ego cum Jonatha filio meo ero in parte altera. Responditque populus ad Saul : Quod bonum videtur in oculis tuis, fac.
41And Saul said to our Lord: Lord God of Israel, give a sign: and Jonathas was caught and Saul, and the people went forth.And Saul sayd to our Lord: Lord God of Israel, geue a signe: and Ionathas was caught and Saul, and the people went forth.✦Et dixit Saul ad Dominum Deum Israël : Domine Deus Israël, da indicium : quid est quod non responderis servo tuo hodie ? si in me, aut in Jonatha filio meo, est iniquitas hæc, da ostensionem : aut si hæc iniquitas est in populo tuo, da sanctitatem. Et deprehensus est Jonathas et Saul : populus autem exivit.
42And Saul said: Cast ye lot between me, and Jonathas my son. And Jonathas was taken.And Saul sayd: Cast ye lotte betwen me, and Ionathas my sonne. And Ionathas was taken.✦Et ait Saul : Mittite sortem inter me et inter Jonathan filium meum. Et captus est Jonathas.
43And Saul said to Jonathas: Tell me what thou hast done. And Jonathas told him, and said: Tasting I tasted in the tip of the rod, which was in mine hand a little honey, and behold I die.And Saul sayd to Ionathas: Tel me what thou hast done. And Ionathas told him, and sayd: Tasting I tasted in the tippe of the rod, which was in myn hand a litle honie, and behold I die.✦Dixit autem Saul ad Jonathan : Indica mihi quid feceris. Et indicavit ei Jonathas, et ait : Gustans gustavi in summitate virgæ quæ erat in manu mea, paululum mellis, et ecce ego morior.
44And Saul said: These things do God to me, and these things add he, that dying thou shalt die Jonathas.And Saul sayd: These things doe God to me, and these things adde he, that dying thou shalt die Ionathas.✦Et ait Saul : Hæc faciat mihi Deus, et hæc addat, quia morte morieris, Jonatha.
45And the people said to Saul: Shall Jonathas then die, which hath made this great salvation in Israel? this is unlawful: our Lord liveth, if there shall fall a hair from his head upon the ground, because with God hath he wrought to day. The people therefore delivered Jonathas, that he should not die.And the people sayd to Saul: Shal Ionathas then die, which hath made this great saluation in Israel? this is vnlawful: our Lord liueth, if there shal fal a heare from his head vpon the ground, because with God hath he wrought to day. The people therefore deliuered Ionathas, that he should not die.✦Dixitque populus ad Saul : Ergone Jonathas morietur, qui fecit salutem hanc magnam in Israël ? hoc nefas est : vivit Dominus, si ceciderit capillus de capite ejus in terram, quia cum Deo operatus est hodie. Liberavit ergo populus Jonathan, ut non moreretur.
46And Saul retired, neither did he pursue the Philisthiims: moreover the Philisthiims departed into their places.And Saul retyred, neither did he pursew the Philisthijms: moreouer the Philisthijms departed into their places.Recessitque Saul, nec persecutus est Philisthiim : porro Philisthiim abierunt in loca sua.
47And Saul, his kingdom being established over Israel, fought round about against all his enemies, against Moab, and the children of Ammon, and Edom, and the Kings of Soba, and the Philisthians: and whithersoever he turned himself, he overcame.And Saul, his kingdom being established ouer Israel, fought round about against al his enemies, against Moab, and the children of Ammon, and Edom, and the Kinges of Soba, and the Philistians: and whither soeuer he turned him self, he ouercame.✦Et Saul, confirmato regno super Israël, pugnabat per circuitum adversum omnes inimicos ejus, contra Moab, et filios Ammon, et Edom, et reges Soba, et Philisthæos : et quocumque se verterat, superabat.
48And gathering together an army, he stroke Amalec, and delivered Israel from the hand of the spoilers thereof.And gathering together an armie, he stroke Amalec, and deliuered Israel from the hand of the spoylers thereof.Congregatoque exercitu, percussit Amalec, et eruit Israël de manu vastatorum ejus.
49And the sons of Saul, were Jonathas and Jessui and Melchisua: and the names of his two daughters, the name of the firstborn Merob, and the name of the younger Michol.And the sonnes of Saul, were Ionathas and Iessui and Melchisua: and the names of his two daughters, the name of the first borne Merob, and the name of the yonger Michol.✦Fuerunt autem filii Saul, Jonathas, et Jessui, et Melchisua : et nomina duarum filiarum ejus, nomen primogenitæ Merob, et nomen minoris Michol.
50and the name of Saul's wife, Achinoam the daughter of Achimaas: and the name of the prince of his host Abner, the son of Ner, the cousin patruelis: first cousin, kinsman on the father's side of Saul by the father.and the name of Sauls wife, Achinoam the daughter of Achimaas: and the name of the prince of his hoste Abner, the sonne of Ner, the cosin german of Saul by the father.Et nomen uxoris Saul Achinoam filia Achimaas : et nomen principis militiæ ejus Abner filius Ner, patruelis Saul.
51Moreover Cis was the father of Saul, and Ner the father of Abner, the son of Abiel.Moreouer Cis was the father of Saul, and Ner the father of Abner, the sonne of Abiel.Porro Cis fuit pater Saul, et Ner pater Abner, filius Abiel.
52And there was mighty battle against the Philisthians all the days of Saul. For whomsoever Saul had seen a valiant man, and fit for battle, he joined him to himself.And there was mightie battel agaynst the Philistians al the dayes of Saul. For whomsoeuer Saul had seene a valiant man, and fitte for battel, he ioyned him to him self.✦Erat autem bellum potens adversum Philisthæos omnibus diebus Saul. Nam quemcumque viderat Saul virum fortem, et aptum ad prælium, sociabat eum sibi.
The reading text follows the 1582 first edition.