Jacob by his mother's counsel getteth his father's blessing in place of Esau, 42. and by her is advised (for avoiding Esau's wrath, who threatened to kill him) to flee to his uncle Laban, in Haran of Mesopotamia.Iacob by his mothers counsel getteth his fathers blessing in place of Esau, 42. and by her is aduised (for auoiding Esaus wrath, who threatened to kil him) to flie to his vncle Laban, in Haran of Mesopotamia.

And Isaac was old, and his eyes were dim, and he could not see: and he called Esau his elder son, and said to him: My son? Who answered: Here I am.AND Isaac was old, and his eyes were dimme, and he could not see: and he called Esau his elder sonne, and said to him: My sonne? Who answered: Here I am.Senuit autem Isaac, et caligaverunt oculi ejus, et videre non poterat : vocavitque Esau filium suum majorem, et dixit ei : Fili mi ? Qui respondit : Adsum.

2To whom his father: Thou seest, quoth he, that I am old, and know not the day of my death.To whom his father: Thou seest, quoth he, that I am old, and know not the day of my death.Cui pater : Vides, inquit, quod senuerim, et ignorem diem mortis meæ.

3Take thy instruments, thy quiver and bow, and go outside, out into the open · Vulgate: foras: and when thou hast taken any thing by hunting,Take thy instruments, thy quiuer and bow, and go abrode: and when thou hast taken any thing by hunting,Sume arma tua, pharetram, et arcum, et egredere foras : cumque venatu aliquid apprehenderis,

4make me broth thereof, as thou knowest I like, and bring that I may eat, and my soul may bless thee before I die.make me broth therof, as thou knowest I like, and bring that I may eate, and my soule may blesse thee before I dye.fac mihi inde pulmentum sicut velle me nosti, et affer ut comedam : et benedicat tibi anima mea antequam moriar.

5Which when Rebecca had heard, and he was gone into the field to fulfil his father's commandment,Which when Rebecca had heard, and he was gone into the field to fulfil his fathers commandement,Quod cum audisset Rebecca, et ille abiisset in agrum ut jussionem patris impleret,

6she said to her son Jacob: I heard thy father talking with Esau thy brother, and saying to him:she said to her sonne Iacob: I heard thy father talking with Esau thy brother, and saying to him:dixit filio suo Jacob : Audivi patrem tuum loquentem cum Esau fratre tuo, et dicentem ei :

7Bring me of thy hunting, and make me meats that I may eat, and bless thee in the sight of our Lord before I die.Bring me of thy hunting, and make me meates that I may eate, and blesse thee in the sight of our Lord before I dye.Affer mihi de venatione tua, et fac cibos ut comedam, et benedicam tibi coram Domino antequam moriar.

8Now therefore my son, assent to my counsel:Now therfore my sonne, assent to my counsel:Nunc ergo, fili mi, acquiesce consiliis meis :

9and go thy way to the flock, bring me two kids of the best, that I may make of them meat for thy father, such as he gladly eateth:and go thy way to the flocke, bring me two kiddes of the best, that I may make of them meate for thy father, such as he gladly eateth:et pergens ad gregem, affer mihi duos hædos optimos, ut faciam ex eis escas patri tuo, quibus libenter vescitur :

10Which when thou hast brought in, and he hath eaten, he may bless thee before he die.Which when thou hast brought in, and he hath eaten, he may blesse thee before he dye.quas cum intuleris, et comederit, benedicat tibi priusquam moriatur.

11To whom he answered: Thou knowest that Esau my brother is an hairy man, and I am smooth:To whom he answered: Thou knowest that Esau my brother is an hearie man, and I am smooth:Cui ille respondit : Nosti quod Esau frater meus homo pilosus sit, et ego lenis :

12if my father shall feel me, and perceive it, I fear lest he will think I would have deluded him, and I shall bring upon me a curse for a blessing.if my father shal feele me, and perceiue it, I feare lest he wil thinke I would haue deluded him, and I shal bring vpon me a curse for a blessing.si attrectaverit me pater meus, et senserit, timeo ne putet me sibi voluisse illudere, et inducam super me maledictionem pro benedictione.

13To whom his mother said: This curse, my son, light upon me: only hear thou my voice, and go, fetch me the things which I have said.To whom his mother said: This curse, my sonne, light vpon me: only heare thou my voice, and go, fetch me the things which I haue said.Ad quem mater : In me sit, ait, ista maledictio, fili mi : tantum audi vocem meam, et pergens, affer quæ dixi.

14He went, and brought, and gave them to his mother. She dressed meats, even as she knew his father liked.He went, and brought, and gaue them to his mother. She dressed meats, euen as she knew his father liked.Abiit, et attulit, deditque matri. Paravit illa cibos, sicut velle noverat patrem illius.

15And she did on him the garments of Esau very good, which she had at home with her:And she did on him the garments of Esau verie good, which she had at home with her:Et vestibus Esau valde bonis, quas apud se habebat domi, induit eum :

16and the little skins of the kids she put about his hands, and covered the bare of his neck.and the litle skinnes of the kiddes she put about his hands, and couered the bare of his necke.pelliculasque hædorum circumdedit manibus, et colli nuda protexit :

17And she gave him broth, and delivered him bread that she had baked.And she gaue him broth, and deliuered him bread that she had baked.deditque pulmentum, et panes, quos coxerat, tradidit.

18Which when he had carried in, he said: My father? But he answered: I hear. Who art thou my son?Which when he had caried in, he said: My father? But he answered: I heare. Who art thou my sonne?Quibus illatis, dixit : Pater mi ? At ille respondit : Audio. Quis es tu, fili mi ?

19And Jacob said: I am thy first begotten Esau: I have done as thou didst command me: arise, sit, and eat of my hunting, that thy soul may bless me.And Iacob said: I am thy first begotten Esau: I haue done as thou didest command me: arise, sit, and eate of my hunting, that thy soule may blesse me.Dixitque Jacob : Ego sum primogenitus tuus Esau : feci sicut præcepisti mihi : surge, sede, et comede de venatione mea, ut benedicat mihi anima tua.

20And again Isaac to his son: How couldest thou, said he, find it so quickly, my son? Who answered: It was God's will that that which I would came quickly in my way.And againe Isaac to his sonne: How couldest thou, said he, find it so quickly, my sonne? Who answered: It was Gods wil that that which I would came quickly in my way.Rursumque Isaac ad filium suum : Quomodo, inquit, tam cito invenire potuisti, fili mi ? Qui respondit : Voluntas Dei fuit ut cito occurreret mihi quod volebam.

21And Isaac said: Come hither, that I may feel thee my son, and may prove whether thou be my son Esau, or no.And Isaac said: Come hither, that I may feele thee my sonne, and may proue whether thou be my sonne Esau, or no.Dixitque Isaac : Accede huc, ut tangam te, fili mi, et probem utrum tu sis filius meus Esau, an non.

22He came near to his father, and when he had felt him, Isaac said: The voice verily, is the voice of Jacob: but the hands, are the hands of Esau.He came neere to his father, and when he had felt him, Isaac said: The voice verily, is the voice of Iacob: but the hands, are the hands of Esau.Accessit ille ad patrem, et palpato eo, dixit Isaac : Vox quidem, vox Jacob est : sed manus, manus sunt Esau.

23And he knew him not, because his hairy hands had made him like unto the elder. Blessing him therefore,And he knew him not, because his hearie hands had made him like vnto the elder. Blessing him therfore,Et non cognovit eum, quia pilosæ manus similitudinem majoris expresserant. Benedicens ergo illi,

24he said: Art thou my son Esau? He answered: I am.he said: Art thou my sonne Esau? He answered: I am.ait : Tu es filius meus Esau ? Respondit : Ego sum.

25But he said: Bring me the meats of thy hunting, my son, that my soul may bless thee. Which when they were brought, and he had eaten, he offered him wine also, which after he had drunk,But he said: Bring me the meats of thy hunting, my sonne, that my soule may blesse thee. Which when they were brought, and he had eaten, he offred him wine also, which after he had drunke,At ille : Affer mihi, inquit, cibos de venatione tua, fili mi, ut benedicat tibi anima mea. Quos cum oblatos comedisset, obtulit ei etiam vinum. Quo hausto,

26he said to him: Come near me, and give me a kiss, my son.he said to him: Come neere me, and giue me a kisse, my sonne.dixit ad eum : Accede ad me, et da mihi osculum, fili mi.

27He came near, and kissed him. And immediately as he felt the fragrant scent, smell · Vulgate: fragrantiam / odor of his garments, blessing him, he said: Behold the savour of my son is as the savour of a plentiful field, which our Lord hath blessed.He came neere, and kissed him. And immediatly as he felt the fragrant sauour of his garments, blessing him, he said: Behold the sauour of my sonne is as the sauour of a plentiful field, which our Lord hath blessed.Accessit, et osculatus est eum. Statimque ut sensit vestimentorum illius fragrantiam, benedicens illi, ait : Ecce odor filii mei sicut odor agri pleni, cui benedixit Dominus.

28God give thee of the dew of heaven, and of the fatness of the earth abundance of corn and wine.God geue thee of the dew of heauen, and of the fatnes of the earth abundance of corne and wine.Det tibi Deus de rore cæli et de pinguedine terræ abundantiam frumenti et vini.

29And let peoples serve thee, and tribes adore thee: be thou lord of thy brethren, and thy mother's children bow they before thee. He that shall curse thee, be he cursed: and he that shall bless thee, be he replenished with blessings.And let peoples serue thee, and tribes adore thee: be thou lord of thy brethren, and thy mothers children bow they before thee. He that shal curse thee, be he cursed: and he that shal blesse thee, be he replenished with blessings.Et serviant tibi populi, et adorent te tribus : esto dominus fratrum tuorum, et incurventur ante te filii matris tuæ : qui maledixerit tibi, sit ille maledictus, et qui benedixerit tibi, benedictionibus repleatur.

30Isaac had scarce ended his words, and Jacob now gone forth abroad, but Esau came,Isaac had scarce ended his wordes, and Iacob now gone forth abrode, but Esau came,Vix Isaac sermonem impleverat, et egresso Jacob foras, venit Esau,

31and brought in to his father meats of his hunting, saying: Arise my father, and eat of thy son's hunting: that thy soul may bless me.and brought in to his father meats of his hunting, saying: Arise my father, and eate of thy sonnes hunting: that thy soule may blesse me.coctosque de venatione cibos intulit patri, dicens : Surge, pater mi, et comede de venatione filii tui, ut benedicat mihi anima tua.

32And Isaac said to him: Why? Who art thou? Who answered: I am thy first begotten son Esau.And Isaac said to him: Why? Who art thou? Who answered: I am thy first begotten sonne Esau.Dixitque illi Isaac : Quis enim es tu ? Qui respondit : Ego sum filius tuus primogenitus Esau.

33Isaac was amazed and astonished exceedingly, and marvelling more than a man can believe, said: Who is he then that even now brought me venison that he had taken, and I did eat of all things before thou camest? and I have blessed him, and he shall be blessed.Isaac was amazed and astonied exceedingly, and maruelling more then a man can beleue, said: Who is he then that euen now brought me venison that he had taken, and I did eate of al thinges before thou camest? and I haue blessed him, and he shal be blessed.Expavit Isaac stupore vehementi : et ultra quam credi potest admirans, ait : Quis igitur ille est qui dudum captam venationem attulit mihi, et comedi ex omnibus priusquam tu venires ; benedixique ei, et erit benedictus ?

34Esau having heard his father's words, roared out with a great cry: and being dismayed, said: Bless me also, my father.Esau hauing heard his fathers wordes, roared out with a great crie: and being dismaied, said: Blesse me also, my father.Auditis Esau sermonibus patris, irrugiit clamore magno : et consternatus, ait : Benedic etiam et mihi, pater mi.

35Who said: Thy brother came deceitfully, and took thy blessing.Who said: Thy brother came deceitfully, and tooke thy blessing.Qui ait : Venit germanus tuus fraudulenter, et accepit benedictionem tuam.

36But he said again: Rightly is his name called Jacob: for he hath supplanted me lo the second time: my first-birthright he took before, and now the second time he hath stolen my blessing. And again to his father he said: Hast thou not reserved me also a blessing?But he said againe: Rightly is his name called Iacob: for he hath supplanted me lo the second time: my first-birth-right he tooke before, and now the second time he hath stollen my blessing. And againe to his father he said: Hast thou not reserued me also a blessing?At ille subjunxit : Juste vocatum est nomen ejus Jacob : supplantavit enim me en altera vice : primogenita mea ante tulit, et nunc secundo surripuit benedictionem meam. Rursumque ad patrem : Numquid non reservasti, ait, et mihi benedictionem ?

37Isaac answered: I have appointed him thy lord, and all his brethren I have made subject to his service: with corn and wine I have established him, and for thee my son what shall I do more after this?Isaac answered: I haue appointed him thy lord, and al his brethren I haue made subiect to his seruice: with corne and wine I haue established him, and for thee my sonne what shal I do more after this?Respondit Isaac : Dominum tuum illum constitui, et omnes fratres ejus servituti illius subjugavi ; frumento et vino stabilivi eum : et tibi post hæc, fili mi, ultra quid faciam ?

38To whom Esau said: Hast thou one only blessing, father? I beseech thee bless me also. And when he wept that he howled again,To whom Esau said: Hast thou one only blessing, father? I beseech thee blesse me also. And when he wept that he howled againe,Cui Esau : Num unam, inquit, tantum benedictionem habes, pater ? mihi quoque obsecro ut benedicas. Cumque ejulatu magno fleret,

39Isaac being moved, said to him: In the fat of the earth, and in the dew of heaven from above,Isaac being moued, said to him: In the fat of the earth, and in the dew of heauen from aboue,motus Isaac, dixit ad eum : In pinguedine terræ, et in rore cæli desuper,

40shall thy blessing be. Thou shalt live by the sword, and shalt serve thy brother: and the time shall come, when thou shalt shake off and loose his yoke from thy neck.shal thy blessing be. Thou shalt liue by the sword, and shalt serue thy brother: and the time shal come, when thou shalt shake of and loose his yoke from thy necke.erit benedictio tua. Vives in gladio, et fratri tuo servies : tempusque veniet, cum excutias et solvas jugum ejus de cervicibus tuis.

41Esau therefore always hated Jacob for the blessing wherewith his father had blessed him: and he said in his heart: The days will come of the mourning of my father, and I will kill Jacob my brother.Esau therfore alwaies hated Iacob for the blessing wherwith his father had blessed him: and he said in his hart: The daies wil come of the mourning of my father, and I wil kil Iacob my brother.Oderat ergo semper Esau Jacob pro benedictione qua benedixerat ei pater : dixitque in corde suo : Venient dies luctus patris mei, et occidam Jacob fratrem meum.

42These things were told to Rebecca: who sending and calling Jacob her son, said to him: Behold Esau thy brother threateneth to kill thee.These things were told to Rebecca: who sending and calling Iacob her sonne, said to him: Behold Esau thy brother threateneth to kil thee.Nuntiata sunt hæc Rebeccæ : quæ mittens et vocans Jacob filium suum, dixit ad eum : Ecce Esau frater tuus minatur ut occidat te.

43Now therefore my son, hear my voice, and get thee up and flee to Laban my brother into Haran:Now therfore my sonne, heare my voice, and get thee vp and flie to Laban my brother into Haran:Nunc ergo, fili mi, audi vocem meam, et consurgens fuge ad Laban fratrem meum in Haran :

44and thou shalt dwell with him a few days, till the fury of thy brother be assuaged,and thou shalt dwel with him a few daies, til the furie of thy brother be asswaged,habitabisque cum eo dies paucos, donec requiescat furor fratris tui,

45and his indignation cease, and he forget those things which thou hast done to him: afterward I will send, and bring thee from thence hither. Why shall I be deprived of both sons in one day?and his indignation cease, and he forget those things which thou hast done to him: afterward I wil send, and bring thee from thence hither. Why shal I be depriued of both sonnes in one day?et cesset indignatio ejus, obliviscaturque eorum quæ fecisti in eum : postea mittam, et adducam te inde huc : cur utroque orbabor filio in uno die ?

46And Rebecca said to Isaac: I am weary of my life for the daughters of Heth: if Jacob take a wife of the stock of this land, I wish, desire, care · Vulgate: nolo (vivere): I will not not live.And Rebecca said to Isaac: I am wearie of my life for the daughters of Heth: if Iacob take a wife of the stocke of this land, I list not liue.Dixitque Rebecca ad Isaac : Tædet me vitæ meæ propter filias Heth : si acceperit Jacob uxorem de stirpe hujus terræ, nolo vivere.

Annotations

27:19I am thy first begotten Esau. Jacob was not by nature the first begotten, but by God's ordinance, and by covenant made with Esau, had right to the preeminence, and privileges belonging to the first born. So he did not lie, but spake a truth, meaning that he was that son, to whom by divine election the first-birthright was due, which his father supposed to pertain to Esau. But because some scorners of Christian doctrine (like to the old Manichees) use to say, that Catholic Doctors and Schoolmen excuse and condemn whom they list by such glosses, let such reprovers understand that both modern and ancient Catholic writers avow this defence of the holy Patriarch Jacob, not by private spirit, but by the most true and proper sense of holy Scripture itself. Where it may appear, if they will examine the text, that Jacob in all this procurement of his father's blessing, neither did any thing unjustly, nor said any thing falsely. First, it was revealed to his mother (v. 23.) that the elder (of her twins) should serve the younger. Secondly, holy Scripture testifieth in the same chapter (v. 27.) that Jacob was a plain (or sincere) man, void of unjust dealing. Thirdly, for more quiet enjoying that right which God had ordained for him, he procured his brother's consent and confirmation (v. 33.) Fourthly though he was secure in conscience that the blessing was due to him, yet he feared (v. 12.) lest he might give occasion of offence to his father, to whom this mystery was not yet revealed. Fifthly Isaac perceiving at last God's will, that Jacob should be preferred, was neither offended with him, nor revoked his blessing, as unlawfully surprised, but condescending thereto, ratified that he had done, saying (v. 33.) I have blessed him, and he shall be blessed. Sixthly, God himself from this time forward often appeared to Jacob, and with great promises and many temporal and spiritual benefits declared his singular love to him. Seventhly, these three Patriarchs, Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob are special renowned Saints of the old Testament: yea the Lord and Creator of all would peculiarly be called (Exod. 3.) the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. Moyses praying instantly for God's mercy and clemency towards the people (Exod. 32.) besought him to remember Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob his servants: and so in both old and new Testament these three are often mentioned as chief Princes in the Kingdom of heaven. All which show the great virtues and holiness of them all. And touching this fact of Jacob, where (if any where) might seem to be some great sin, St. Augustine at large proveth that he did not herein sin at all. That which Jacob did (saith he li. cont. mendacium c. 10.) by his mother's instruction, to deceive his father, if it be diligently considered, is no lie, but a mystery: and therefore for the familiar counsel of the Holy Ghost, which his mother had received, he is excused from sin. The same he confirmeth q. 74. in Gen. li. 16. c. 32. de civit. & li. 22. c. 34. cont. Faust. The same also teach St. Chrysostom (ho. 51. in Gen.) St. Jerome (Epist. 125.) St. Theodoret (q. 79. & 80. in Gen.) St. Gregory (ho. 6. in Ezechielem) St. Bede, Isidorus, Innocentius III. Rupertus, and others upon this place, all agreeing absolutely that every lie is sin, declare that Jacob lied not, but still spake the truth, confirming their exposition by other like places of Scripture. As when our Saviour said of St. John Baptist (Matt. 11.) He is Elias, meaning that he was Elias in spirit not in person. So Jacob said truly that he was Esau, not meaning in person, but in right of the first born, by God's ordinance: Esau also having condescended thereto by covenant and oath. In that also he deceived his father, was no sin. For it was a lawful and good deceit, such a one (saith St. Chrysostom) as Jeremie speaketh of (Hier. 20.) Lord, thou hast deceived me, and I am deceived, so Isaac was deceived, not as we commonly call deceit, but to his own and others' good, by God's disposition.

He is proved innocent by the text.The Fathers prove his innocence in this fact.Every lie is sin.Some deceit good.

27:23Knew him not. St. Damasus demanding of St. Jerome (Epist. 125.) what might be the reason why God would suffer his holy servant Isaac not to know Jacob, but to be deceived, and through ignorance to bless whom he would not, declareth that it happened not only to Jacob, but also to many other like holy men, to be ignorant of many things, and to be deceived in error of opinion: and that this error was profitable to Isaac, and his house. For if he had given this blessing (which was a spiritual Jurisdiction) to Esau, as he purposed, he had committed a noxious error indeed, by preferring a bloody man, that was ready (if he could) to have killed his brother (v. 41.) omitting him that was sincere and very virtuous, and had done his own will, not God's will therein. But why would not God reveal his will to Isaac (as he had commanded a far greater thing to Abraham, to sacrifice Isaac his son) that he might wittingly have blessed Jacob by God's commandment? The Fathers do probably allege this for one reason, that if Esau, being a fierce and cruel man, had perceived that his father had willingly preferred Jacob, he would have been incensed against his father, conceived and attempted evil against him. Another reason St. Chrysostom and Theodoret do yield, that by this strange manner of imparting this blessing, it might more manifestly appear to be God's will and ordinance, and not to proceed from man's affection, that Jacob should be preferred.

It was good that Isaac knew not Jacob when he blessed himgood in respect of Esau, and more to God's glory and Jacob's commendation.Citations: ho. 53.; q. 79. in Gen.